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SITOTOKSISITAS FRAKSI EKSTRAK KLOROFORM ORGAN VEGETATIF Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. X Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl. TERHADAP SEL T47D DAN SEL HeLa

AGATHA C. MATURBONGS, Dr. Rarastoeti Pratiwi, M.Sc.

2015 | Tesis | S2 Biologi

Anggrek hasil persilangan Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. x Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl. berpotensi sebagai agen antikanker karena bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Selain kanker payudara, kanker serviks juga banyak menyerang wanita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji sitotoksisitas fraksi ekstrak kloroform organ vegetatif V. hookeriana x V. teres terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D, sel kanker serviks HeLa dan sel normal Vero. Disamping itu juga untuk mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa paling toksik serta mengetahui proses kematian sel kanker. Sampel anggrek diambil dari perkebunan Vanditia, Sleman. Organ vegetatif yang digunakan terdiri dari akar, batang dan daun. Sampel diekstraksi dengan kloroform dan difraksinasi menggunakan metode VLC dengan berbagai eluen: heksan, kloroform, etil asetat dan metanol. Fraksi yang diperoleh dipisahkan dengan KLT, lalu fraksi dengan profil yang mirip digabungkan dan diukur sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel kanker menggunakan MTT Assay. Fraksi gabungan yang paling toksik dipisahkan menggunakan KLTP dan diukur sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel kanker. Fraksi potensial diuji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel Vero, diidentifikasi golongan senyawanya dengan KLT dan diuji sifat toksisitasnya pada proses kematian sel kanker. Penentuan IC50 dihitung dengan analisis probit dalam SPSS 17, sedangkan data hasil identifikasi golongan senyawa dan proses kematian sel dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi gabungan C (Rf= 0-0,529) memiliki nilai IC50 paling rendah yaitu 240,633 μg/ml terhadap T47D dan 114,308 μg/ml terhadap HeLa, sedangkan terhadap Vero 184,235 μg/ml. Fraksi KLTP IV (Rf= 0,766-0,941) dengan IC50 terkecil yaitu 89,117 μg/ml terhadap T47D dan 173,922 μg/ml terhadap HeLa, sedangkan terhadap Vero 168,713 μg/ml. Fraksi potensial terpilih mengandung golongan senyawa alkaloid dan terpenoid. Sifat toksisitas fraksi potensial tersebut lebih menginduksi apoptosis pada proses kematian sel T47D dibandingkan dengan doxorubicin, sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai agen antikanker. Kata kunci: Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. x Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl., sitotoksisitas, sel T47D, sel HeLa, sel Vero

Orchid hybrid of Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. x Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl. is potential as anticancer agents due to its toxicity against T47D breast cancer cells. Besides breast cancer, cervical cancer is also common seen in women. The purpose of this research were to determine the cytotoxicity of V. hookeriana x V. teres vegetative organs chloroform extract fraction against breast cancer cells T47D, cervical cancer cells HeLa and normal cells Vero. Furthermore identified the most toxic group compounds and determined the death process of cancer cells. Orchid samples were taken from Vanditia Nursery, Sleman. Vegetative organs were used consist of roots, stems and leaves. Samples were extracted with chloroform and fractionated using VLC with various eluents: hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Fractions obtained were separated by TLC, and the fractions with similar profile were combined and measured cytotoxicity against cancer cells using MTT assay. The most toxic fraction was separated using TLCP and measured the cytotoxicity against cancer cells. The potential fraction was tested cytotoxicity against Vero cells, then identified the group of compounds by TLC method and tested the nature of toxicity in cancer cell death process. The determination of IC50 was calculated using probit analysis in SPSS 17, while the datas of group compounds identification and cell death process were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the combined fraction C (Rf= 0-0.529) has the lowest IC50 value that is 240.633 μg/ml against T47D and 114.308 μg/ml against HeLa, while against Vero at 184.235 μg/ml. TLCP fraction IV (Rf= 0.766-0.941) with IC50 value 89,117 μg/ml against T47D and 173.922 μg/ml against HeLa, whereas against Vero at 168.713 μg/ml. The potential fraction selected contained group compounds alkaloids and terpenoids. The toxicity nature of the potential group compounds was more induce apoptosis in T47D cells death process than doxorubicin, thereby potentially developed as an anticancer agent. Keywords: Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. x Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl., cytotoxicity, T47D cells, HeLa cells, Vero cells

Kata Kunci : Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. x Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl., sitotoksisitas, sel T47D, sel HeLa, sel Vero; Vanda hookeriana Rchb. f. x Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl., cytotoxicity, T47D cells, HeLa cells, Vero cells


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