Penambangan bahan galian golongan C (bahan baku batu bata) dilakukan pada lahan sawah produktif di Desa Sitiadi. Luas area penambangan mencapai + 35 Ha dari luasan total sawah 191 Ha. Upaya rehabilitasi pasca penambangan dilaksanakan petani setempat secara konvensional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sitiadi, Kecamatan Puring, Kabupaten Kebumen pada Bulan September 2007 – Februari 2008. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji sifat morfologi, kimia dan fisik tanah sawah pasca penambangan, mengkaji pengaruh aktivitas penambangan terhadap pendapatan, mengkaji upaya rehabilitasi lahan pasca penambangan oleh petani dan mengkaji pengetahuan petani terhadap peraturan Kepmen LH No. 43/1996 tentang Kriteria Kerusakan Lingkungan Bagi Usaha atau Kegiatan Penambangan Bahan Galian Golongan C Jenis Lepas di Dataran. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi, analisis laboratorium dan wawancara dengan panduan kuisioner. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui tinjauan hasil penelitian, pustaka dan informasi instansi terkait. Pengambilan sampel tanah dengan pembuatan profil tanah secara purposive sampling atas dasar intensitas kedalaman penambangan. Responden ditentukan secara purposive sampling atas pertimbangan responden adalah petani pemilik lahan yang menanam padi juga menambang di lokasi profil tanah dibuat. Jumlah responden 33 orang dari total 100 petani pemilik lahan yang menambang di area penambangan seluas + 35 Ha. Analisa data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambangan disebabkan sulitnya pemenuhan kebutuhan air untuk menanam padi sawah saat musim kemarau. Penambangan menyebabkan solum tanah tipis dan kedalaman efektif tanah menjadi dangkal. Solum tanah paling tipis dan kedalaman efektif paling dangkal dijumpai pada tanah sawah yang ditambang dengan kedalaman >20 cm dan ditambang setiap tahun. Pasca penambangan terjadi penurunan kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas padi + 50-60% apabila tidak disertai upaya perbaikan. Perubahan solum akibat penambangan intensif menjadikan sifat tanah mengarah pada tekstur berpasir, struktur berbutir tunggal, permeabilitas cepat, ketahanan penetrasi tinggi dan stabilitas agregat cenderung tidak mantap. Penambangan memberi tambahan pendapatan berkisar Rp.500.000,- sampai Rp.1.000.000,- ditentukan luasan, kedalaman penambangan dan kualitas bata. Rehabilitasi lahan pasca penambangan oleh petani berfokus pada perbaikan kesuburan topsoil tanah dan kurang berfokus pada pengelolaan ketersediaan air. Biaya rehabilitasi berkisar antara Rp. 40.000,- sampai Rp.160.000,- dipengaruhi perlakuan petani dalam upaya rehabilitasi melalui input tambahan pupuk kandang dan pupuk an organik. Secara umum petani tidak mengetahui peraturan penambangan Kepmen LH No. 43/1996 dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya tingkat pendidikan, kurangnya sosialisasi peraturan yang ada dan belum diwujudkannya peraturan penambangan tanah pertanian untuk kelestarian lingkungan di wilayah setempat.

The mining of C-category mineral (brick raw materials) was conducted on productive of paddy field at Sitiadi village. The large of mining area reached + 35 Ha from the total of 191 Ha of paddy field area. The rehabilitation efforts after mining was conducted by the farmer in conventional way. The research was conducted in Sitiadi village, Puring sub district, Kebumen district on September 2007 to February 2008. The objectives of this research are: to examine the morphology, chemical and physical characteristics of paddy field soil after mining, to examine the influence of mining activities on farmer’s income, to examine land rehabilitation efforts conducted by farmers and to examine farmer’s knowledge on mining regulation as stated on Minister of Environment decree no: 43/KEP-MENLH/10/1996 in regards to criteria of environmental damage for business or mining activities on land free type C- category mineral. The research uses survey method. Primary data was collected through observation, laboratory analysis and interview with questioners. Secondary data was obtained through literature of study result, reports documents and information from related institutions. Soil sample was taken by making soil profile using purposive sampling based on the intensity of mining depth. Respondents was determined using purposive sampling based on the farmers are land owners who work on paddy field as well as on mining site where soil profile was made. Amount of 33 respondents was resulted from total of 100 land owners on the + 35 Ha of mining area. Qualitative descriptive was used for data analyzing. Result of the research shows that the main cause of mining was the shortage of water to plant paddy during dry season. The mining has caused soil solum became thinner and effective depth of soil reduced. The most thin soil solum and shallowest effective depth was founded on paddy field soil after mining with depth intensity >20 cm and mining intensity every year. After mining, farmers perceived the soil fertility and paddy productivity decreased around + 50-60% if without rehabilitation efforts. The intensive mining influence soil physical characteristic to be on sandy soil texture, single granule structure, rapid permeability, high penetration resistance and less steady aggregate stability. Mining contributes to additional income ranging from Rp.500.000,- to Rp. 1.000.000,-. This additional income was determined by the coverage and depth of mining as well as the quality of bricks produced. Efforts to rehabilitate the land after mining by farmers was more focused on top soil improvement to maintain its fertility and less focus on water supply management. The cost of rehabilitation ranging from Rp. 40.000,- to Rp.160.000,- was influenced by farmers treatment by adding manure and an organic fertilizer. In general, farmers were not aware of mining regulation as stated on Minister of Environment decree no 43 year 1996. Limited farmer’s knowledge was influenced by low education level, lack of socialization on existing mining regulation and lack of specific mining regulation on agriculture land for environmental conservation in the local area.

Kata Kunci : Rehabilitasi lahan sawah,Penambangan,Produktivitas lahan,Tingkat pendapatan,mining, land rehabilitation, land productivity, income level, mining regulation